FWIW, I got this from Perplexity...
A ported (vented) 10" woofer's box generally needs to be larger than a sealed 10" woofer's box. This is because ported enclosures require more internal volume to achieve deeper bass extension and accommodate the port itself, which helps reinforce low-frequency output. In contrast, sealed boxes use the air inside as a spring to control the woofer's movement and can be built much smaller for the same woofer size.
For example, a typical sealed enclosure for a 10" woofer might have external dimensions around 12"x12"x12", while a ported (bass-reflex) enclosure for the same woofer could require dimensions closer to 16"x16"x16".
joe